Wp/fos/Rara ka maka-Taivoan
| Taivoan | |
|---|---|
| Rara ka maka-Taivoan | |
| Uni | |
| Nawnamuan | Tainan ki Kaohsiung ki Hualian ki Taitung apa tu Taiwan |
| Tautau | Taivoan |
| Pipina ki tama-urara | |
| Katara'an ki Rara |
|
| Patax | |
| Hay kidi ki rara | |
| Hay rara tu | |
| Pukidi'en ki rara | |
| ISO 639-3 | fos |
| Glottolog | taiv1237 |
- Hmawat ta lbax kata ki rara ka maka-Taivoan. Hiro ka ma-kiap ko kmalang ki hala, m-ukita-a ki Maka-Taivoan.
Rara ka maka-Taivoan ta rara ka ni-pura'en ki tautau ti Taivoan, ka ni-papatimawa'ey ato ki tama-matautaux lam ki tautau ka Taivoan ka ma-using.
Contents
Rara ka maka-Taivoan ka m-anini[1]
| Kakutungan ki 1-10 | Purux | Purux ki Nawnamu | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maka-Austronesia ka Rie | *əsa *isa | *duSa | *təlu | *Səpat | *lima | *ənəm | *pitu | *walu | *Siwa | *(sa-)puluq | ||
| Maka-Siraya ka Rie | *saat | *ðusa | *turu | *səpat | *rǐma | *nəm | *pitu | *kuixpa | *ma-tuda | *saat ki tian | ||
| Maka-Taivoan | Suannsamna | Sia-urie | sa'a | zua | to'o | sipat gaspa | u-rima rima | u-rumu rumu | u-pitu pitu | u-waru waru | hsiya | -- |
| Siaolin | Tevorangh | caha' | zuha ruha duha | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | matuha | kaipien | |
| Alikuan | Tevorangh | caha | luha | toho | paha | hima | lom | kito kitot | kipa | macuha | kaitian kaitekin | |
| Kahsianpoo | Tevorangh | sa'ad sa'at | ruha duha | tohu tuhu | pahad pahat | hima | lum rum | kito kitu | kipat | matuha | kaitian kaitiang | |
| Dazhuang | Tevorangh | ca-ca'a | ra-ruha | ta-to'o | ta-pat | ta-rima | ta-num | tyausen | rapako | ravasen | kaiten | |
| Maka-Taivoan tu patautauxen | caha' | ruha | toho | paha' | hima | lom | kito' | kipa' | matuha | kaipien | ||
Uni
Uni ki ana'
| Amax | Tukad | Rikur | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Il'b-an | i, y /i/ | u /u/ | |
| Tamawx | e /e/ | e /ə/ | |
| Lutuaf-en | a /a/ | o /o/ |
Uni ki arak
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | p /p/ | t /t/ d /d/ | k /k/ g /g/ | ^ /ʔ/ | |||
| Frictive | f /f/ v /v/[pukakidi 1] | s /s/ z /z/ | x /x/ | h /h/ | |||
| Sibilant | c /t͡s/ | ||||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||||
| Trill | r /r/ | ||||||
| Lateral approximant | l /l/ | ||||||
| Approximant | w /w/ | y /j/ |
Kakutungan[1]
| 1 | caha' | 11 | saka |
| 2 | ruha | 12 | bazun |
| 3 | tuhu | 13 | kuzun |
| 4 | paha' | 14 | langlang |
| 5 | hima | 15 | linta |
| 6 | lom | 16 | takuba |
| 7 | kito' | 17 | kasin |
| 8 | kipa' | 18 | kumsim |
| 9 | matuha | 19 | tabatak |
| 10 | kaipien | 20 | caha' kaipien |
| Pikakunun ki tunun[pukakidi 2] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki caha' | 30 | tu-tuhu kaipien |
| 22 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki ruha | 40 | *pa-paha' kaipien |
| 23 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki tuhu | 50 | *hi-hima kaipien |
| 24 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki paha' | 60 | lo-lom kaipien |
| 25 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki hima | 70 | *ki-kito' kaipien |
| 26 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki lom | 80 | *ki-kipa' kaipien |
| 27 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki kito' | 90 | matuha kaipien |
| 28 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki kipa' | 99 | matuha kaipien ab ki matuha |
| 29 | *ru-ruha kaipien ab ki matuha | 100 | ka'atuxan |
| 4,000 | paha' katununan | ||
| 5,000 | hima katununan | ||
Ni-paki-valey-en ato ta kakutungan ka na saka tu kidi ki kaitian tu Kahsianpoo lam ki raruma ki purux ti Taivoan, mama ki Alikuan ka kasay ki papahaviriviri'an ka ma-ramax. Ni-paka-vana-aw ki papahaviriviri'an ka raruma ki kakutungan ka na 1 tu kidi ki 10, ki liling lava ki kakutungan ka na 11 tu kidi ki 20 ti Taivoan tu caha.
Kidi ki Paikakuan
Nanang ki Pinalang[1][2]
| pinalang | Independent | Nominative | Genitive | Oblique | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tu caha | 1s | iau | kuri | -ku | iyaw-an |
| 2s | imho | ko | -(m)ho | imho-an | |
| 3s | teni | ta teni | -tin | tini-an | |
| ma-tapang | 1p.i | imita | kita | -(m)ita | imita-n |
| 1p.e | imian | kame | -(m)ian | imian-an | |
| 2p | imomi | kamo | -(m)omi | imomi-an | |
| 3p | naini | ta naini | nain | naini-an | |
Sasolat ki rara ka maka-Taivoan
Pa-ha'en mi-kakua ki madax ki sasulat tu rara ka maka-Taivoan tu kitatay tu takaluluxan apa ka rie alay ki tatanen tmamud, ka aikakun ta "He Bo Lo" ka tatayen ki Xue Pan Qin Jin (薛潘清金) tu Alikuan:
he ei bo lo lo na le ah he
he ei bo lo lo na sai ah he
he ei sai a na ho to na gei ah he
he ei sai i na o he na nng ah he
he ei tai sa kei ki ki ah he
he ei pa ta to ke to kei kei ah he
he ei ma ku ha ku ku a ti ah he
he ei la to o tei sa ba lei ah he
he ei lo a ba te li ki li ah he
he ei ta lo kun tab a tab a ah he
he ei ba ka ba ta’ ou kau sa ah he
he ei ta li kun ta gi chin ah he
he ei tan ma o gei o gei o ah he
he ei koe i ha pa gia kong kong ah he
he ei sa lo u ha pa to la long ah he
he ei koe i ha long ping na ping ah he
he ei ping na ping kei to pung ah he
he ci koe i an ta tan o tan o tan ah he
he ei bo ko na lo ki bu ang ah he
he ei ka i lo ma lo ma li ah he
he ei ka i lo ma le ga le ah he
Ukit'-eyl apa
Pukakidi
- ↑ Akomiya ta v /v/ ki caha ki allophone ka b /b/.
- ↑ Paka-vana ta pukakidi ki kakiu (*) ki rara ka asi paka-s'hut-en apa.
Paka-nawnamuan
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Tsuchida, Shigeru; Yamada, Yukihiro; Moriguchi, Tsunekazu (1991). Linguistic Materials of the Formosan Sinicized Populations I: Siraya and Basai. Tokyo: The University of Tokyo Department of Linguistics.
- ↑ Adelaar, Alexander (2011). Siraya. Retrieving the Phonology, Grammar and Lexicon of a Dormant Formosan Language. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Solat tu panax